Android - Sending SMS

2021-12-07 14:05 Android开发

In Android, you can use SmsManager API or devices Built-in SMS application to send SMS's. In this tutorial, we shows you two basic examples to send SMS message − SmsManager API <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault(); smsManager.sendTextMessage("phoneNo", null, "sms message", null, null);</pre> Built-in SMS application <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); sendIntent.putExtra("sms_body", "default content"); sendIntent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms"); startActivity(sendIntent);</pre> Of course, both needSEND_SMS permission. <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" /></pre> Apart from the above method, there are few other important functions available in SmsManager class. These methods are listed below − <table class="table table-bordered" > <tbody > <tr > <th >Sr.No.</th> <th >Method & Description</th> </tr> <tr > <td >1</td> <td >ArrayList<String> divideMessage(String text) This method divides a message text into several fragments, none bigger than the maximum SMS message size. </td> </tr> <tr > <td >2</td> <td >static SmsManager getDefault() This method is used to get the default instance of the SmsManager </td> </tr> <tr > <td >3</td> <td >void sendDataMessage(String destinationAddress, String scAddress, short destinationPort, byte[] data, PendingIntent sentIntent, PendingIntent deliveryIntent) This method is used to send a data based SMS to a specific application port. </td> </tr> <tr > <td >4</td> <td >void sendMultipartTextMessage(String destinationAddress, String scAddress, ArrayList<String> parts, ArrayList<PendingIntent> sentIntents, ArrayList<PendingIntent> deliveryIntents) Send a multi-part text based SMS. </td> </tr> <tr > <td >5</td> <td >void sendTextMessage(String destinationAddress, String scAddress, String text, PendingIntent sentIntent, PendingIntent deliveryIntent) Send a text based SMS. </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 >Example</h2> Following example shows you in practical how to use SmsManager object to send an SMS to the given mobile number. <blockquote >To experiment with this example, you will need actual Mobile device equipped with latest Android OS, otherwise you will have to struggle with emulator which may not work.</blockquote> <table class="table table-bordered" > <tbody > <tr > <th class="fivepct" >Step</th> <th >Description</th> </tr> <tr > <td >1</td> <td >You will use Android Studio IDE to create an Android application and name it astutorialspointunder a packagecom.example.tutorialspoint. While creating this project, make sure youTarget SDKandCompile Withat the latest version of Android SDK to use higher levels of APIs.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >2</td> <td >Modifysrc/MainActivity.javafile and add required code to take care of sending email.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >3</td> <td >Modify layout XML fileres/layout/activity_main.xmladd any GUI component if required. I'm adding a simple GUI to take mobile number and SMS text to be sent and a simple button to send SMS.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >4</td> <td >No need to define default string constants at res/values/strings.xml. Android studio takes care of default constants.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >5</td> <td >ModifyAndroidManifest.xmlas shown below</td> </tr> <tr > <td >6</td> <td >Run the application to launch Android emulator and verify the result of the changes done in the application.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Following is the content of the modified main activity filesrc/com.example.tutorialspoint/MainActivity.java. <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > package com.example.tutorialspoint; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.telephony.SmsManager; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { Button sendBtn; EditText txtphoneNo; EditText txtMessage; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSendSMS); txtphoneNo = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText); txtMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2); sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { sendSMSMessage(); } }); } protected void sendSMSMessage() { Log.i("Send SMS", ""); String phoneNo = txtphoneNo.getText().toString(); String message = txtMessage.getText().toString(); try { SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault(); smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneNo, null, message, null, null); Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "SMS sent.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } catch (Exception e) { Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "SMS faild, please try again.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }</pre> Following will be the content ofres/layout/activity_main.xmlfile: <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="MainActivity"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Sending SMS Example" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:textSize="30dp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Tutorials point " android:textColor="#ff87ff09" android:textSize="30dp" android:layout_below="@+id/textView1" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/imageButton" android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/imageButton" /> <ImageButton android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/imageButton" android:src="@drawable/abc" android:layout_below="@+id/textView2" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" /> <EditText android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/editText" android:hint="Enter Phone Number" android:phoneNumber="true" android:textColorHint="@color/abc_primary_text_material_dark" android:layout_below="@+id/imageButton" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" /> <EditText android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/editText2" android:layout_below="@+id/editText" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText" android:layout_alignStart="@+id/editText" android:textColorHint="@color/abc_primary_text_material_dark" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/imageButton" android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/imageButton" android:hint="Enter SMS" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Send Sms" android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS" android:layout_below="@+id/editText2" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:layout_marginTop="48dp" /> </RelativeLayout></pre> Following will be the content ofres/values/strings.xmlto define two new constants − <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="app_name">tutorialspoint</string> <string name="action_settings">Settings</string> </resources></pre> Following is the default content ofAndroidManifest.xml: <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.tutorialspoint" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="22" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.example.tutorialspoint.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest></pre> Let's try to run yourtutorialspointapplication. I assume you have connected your actual Android Mobile device with your computer. To run the app from Android studio, open one of your project's activity files and click Run<img alt="Eclipse Run Icon" class="inline" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/eclipse_run.jpg" />icon from the toolbar. Before starting your application, Android studio installer will display following window to select an option where you want to run your Android application. <img alt="Android Mobile Device" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/android_mobile_devices.jpg" /> Now you can enter a desired mobile number and a text message to be sent on that number. Finally click onSend SMSbutton to send your SMS. Make sure your GSM/CDMA connection is working fine to deliver your SMS to its recipient. You can take a number of SMS separated by comma and then inside your program you will have to parse them into an array string and finally you can use a loop to send message to all the given numbers. That's how you can write your own SMS client. Next section will show you how to use existing SMS client to send SMS. <h2 >Using Built-in Intent to send SMS</h2> You can use Android Intent to send SMS by calling built-in SMS functionality of the Android. Following section explains different parts of our Intent object required to send an SMS. <h2 >Intent Object - Action to send SMS</h2> You will useACTION_VIEWaction to launch an SMS client installed on your Android device. Following is simple syntax to create an intent with ACTION_VIEW action <pre class="result notranslate" > Intent smsIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); </pre> <h2 >Intent Object - Data/Type to send SMS</h2> To send an SMS you need to specifysmsto:as URI using setData() method and data type will be tovnd.android-dir/mms-smsusing setType() method as follows − <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > smsIntent.setData(Uri.parse("smsto:")); smsIntent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");</pre> <h2 >Intent Object - Extra to send SMS</h2> Android has built-in support to add phone number and text message to send an SMS as follows − <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > smsIntent.putExtra("address" , new String("0123456789;3393993300")); smsIntent.putExtra("sms_body" , "Test SMS to Angilla");</pre> <blockquote >Here address and sms_body are case sensitive and should be specified in small characters only. You can specify more than one number in single string but separated by semi-colon (;).</blockquote> <h2 >Example</h2> Following example shows you in practical how to use Intent object to launch SMS client to send an SMS to the given recipients. <blockquote >To experiment with this example, you will need actual Mobile device equipped with latest Android OS, otherwise you will have to struggle with emulator which may not work.</blockquote> <table class="table table-bordered" > <tbody > <tr > <th class="fivepct" >Step</th> <th >Description</th> </tr> <tr > <td >1</td> <td >You will use Android studio IDE to create an Android application and name it astutorialspointunder a packagecom.example.tutorialspoint. While creating this project, make sure youTarget SDKandCompile Withat the latest version of Android SDK to use higher levels of APIs.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >2</td> <td >Modifysrc/MainActivity.javafile and add required code to take care of sending SMS.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >3</td> <td >Modify layout XML fileres/layout/activity_main.xmladd any GUI component if required. I'm adding a simple button to launch SMS Client.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >4</td> <td >No need to define default constants.Android studio takes care of default constants.</td> </tr> <tr > <td >5</td> <td >ModifyAndroidManifest.xmlas shown below</td> </tr> <tr > <td >6</td> <td >Run the application to launch Android emulator and verify the result of the changes done in the application.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Following is the content of the modified main activity filesrc/com.example.tutorialspoint/MainActivity.java. <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > package com.example.tutorialspoint; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button startBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button); startBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { public void onClick(View view) { sendSMS(); } }); } protected void sendSMS() { Log.i("Send SMS", ""); Intent smsIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW); smsIntent.setData(Uri.parse("smsto:")); smsIntent.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms"); smsIntent.putExtra("address" , new String ("01234")); smsIntent.putExtra("sms_body" , "Test "); try { startActivity(smsIntent); finish(); Log.i("Finished sending SMS...", ""); } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "SMS faild, please try again later.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }</pre> Following will be the content ofres/layout/activity_main.xmlfile − <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Drag and Drop Example" android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:textSize="30dp" /> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Tutorials Point " android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_below="@+id/textView" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" android:textSize="30dp" android:textColor="#ff14be3c" /> <ImageView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/imageView" android:src="@drawable/abc" android:layout_marginTop="48dp" android:layout_below="@+id/textView2" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Compose SMS" android:id="@+id/button" android:layout_below="@+id/imageView" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView2" android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/textView2" android:layout_marginTop="54dp" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/imageView" android:layout_alignStart="@+id/imageView" /> </RelativeLayout></pre> Following will be the content ofres/values/strings.xmlto define two new constants − <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="app_name">tutorialspoint</string> <string name="action_settings">Settings</string> </resources></pre> Following is the default content ofAndroidManifest.xml− <pre class="prettyprint notranslate prettyprinted" > <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.tutorialspoint" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="22" /> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme" > <activity android:name="com.example.tutorialspoint.MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> </manifest></pre> Let's try to run yourtutorialspointapplication. I assume you have connected your actual Android Mobile device with your computer. To run the app from Android studio, open one of your project's activity files and click Run<img alt="Eclipse Run Icon" class="inline" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/eclipse_run.jpg" />icon from the toolbar. Before starting your application, Android studio will display following window to select an option where you want to run your Android application. <img alt="Android Mobile Device" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/android_mobile_device1.jpg" /> Select your mobile device as an option and then check your mobile device which will display following screen: <img alt="Android Mobile SMS Compose" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/mobile_sms_compose.jpg" /> Now useCompose SMSbutton to launch Android built-in SMS clients which is shown below: <img alt="Android Mobile SMS Screen" src="http://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/images/mobile_sms_screen.jpg" /> You can modify either of the given default fields and finally use send SMS button to send your SMS to the mentioned recipient. <script language="vbscript" type="text/javascript"> < !-- Option Explicit 要求在脚本中声明所有的变量 Dim Mystring Mystring="This is my string" -- > < /script> </body></html></script>