<p>php服务端与客户端交互、提供开放api时,通常需要对敏感的部分api数据传输进行数据加密,这时候rsa非对称加密就能派上用处了,下面通过一个例子来说明如何用php来实现数据的加密解密</p><p>1、加密解密的第一步是生成公钥、私钥对,私钥加密的内容能通过公钥解密(反过来亦可以)</p><p>下载开源RSA密钥生成工具openssl(通常Linux系统都自带该程序),解压缩至独立的文件夹,进入其中的bin目录,执行以下命令:</p><pre class="brush:bash;toolbar:false">opensslgenrsa-outrsa_private_key.pem1024
opensslpkcs8-topk8-informPEM-inrsa_private_key.pem-outformPEM-nocrypt-outprivate_key.pem
opensslrsa-inrsa_private_key.pem-pubout-outrsa_public_key.pem</pre><p>第一条命令生成原始 RSA私钥文件 rsa_private_key.pem,第二条命令将原始 RSA私钥转换为 pkcs8格式,第三条生成RSA公钥 rsa_public_key.pem</p><p>从上面看出通过私钥能生成对应的公钥,因此我们将私钥private_key.pem用在服务器端,公钥发放给android跟ios等前端</p><p>2、php中用生成的公钥、私钥进行加密解密,直接上代码</p><pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false"><?php
$private_key='-----BEGINRSAPRIVATEKEY-----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-----ENDRSAPRIVATEKEY-----';
$public_key='-----BEGINPUBLICKEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQC3//sR2tXw0wrC2DySx8vNGlqt
3Y7ldU9+LBLI6e1KS5lfc5jlTGF7KBTSkCHBM3ouEHWqp1ZJ85iJe59aF5gIB2kl
Bd6h4wrbbHA2XE1sq21ykja/Gqx7/IRia3zQfxGv/qEkyGOx+XALVoOlZqDwh76o
2n1vP1D+tD3amHsK7QIDAQAB
-----ENDPUBLICKEY-----';
//echo$private_key;
$pi_key=openssl_pkey_get_private($private_key);//这个函数可用来判断私钥是否是可用的,可用返回资源idResourceid
$pu_key=openssl_pkey_get_public($public_key);//这个函数可用来判断公钥是否是可用的
print_r($pi_key);echo"\n";
print_r($pu_key);echo"\n";
$data="aassssasssddd";//原始数据
$encrypted="";
$decrypted="";
echo"sourcedata:",$data,"\n";
echo"privatekeyencrypt:\n";
openssl_private_encrypt($data,$encrypted,$pi_key);//私钥加密
$encrypted=base64_encode($encrypted);//加密后的内容通常含有特殊字符,需要编码转换下,在网络间通过url传输时要注意base64编码是否是url安全的
echo$encrypted,"\n";
echo"publickeydecrypt:\n";
openssl_public_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pu_key);//私钥加密的内容通过公钥可用解密出来
echo$decrypted,"\n";
echo"---------------------------------------\n";
echo"publickeyencrypt:\n";
openssl_public_encrypt($data,$encrypted,$pu_key);//公钥加密
$encrypted=base64_encode($encrypted);
echo$encrypted,"\n";
echo"privatekeydecrypt:\n";
openssl_private_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pi_key);//私钥解密
echo$decrypted,"\n";</pre>