Android使用Post方式提交数据
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2026-01-02
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Android开发
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在 Android 中使用 **POST** 方式提交数据,通常可以通过 `HttpURLConnection` 或者第三方库如 `OkHttp`、`Retrofit` 来实现。下面是几种常见的方法示例: --- ## ✅ 方法一:使用 `HttpURLConnection`(原生方式) ```java // 示例:向服务器发送 POST 请求并提交 JSON 数据 public void postData(String url, String json) { new Thread(() -> { try { URL urlObj = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8"); // 写入数据 OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream(); os.write(json.getBytes("UTF-8")); os.flush(); os.close(); // 获取响应 int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode(); if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())); String inputLine; StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder(); while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) { response.append(inputLine); } in.close(); // 处理返回结果 Log.d("POST Response", response.toString()); } else { Log.e("POST Error", "Response Code: " + responseCode); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }).start(); } ``` --- ## ✅ 方法二:使用 OkHttp(推荐) 首先在 `build.gradle` 添加依赖: ```gradle implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.12.0' ``` 然后使用如下代码发送 POST 请求: ```java public void postDataWithOkHttp(String url, String json) { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient(); RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(json, MediaType.get("application/json; charset=utf-8")); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .post(body) .build(); client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() { @Override public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } @Override public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException { if (response.isSuccessful()) { String result = response.body().string(); Log.d("POST Response", result); } else { Log.e("POST Error", "Response Code: " + response.code()); } } }); } ``` --- ## ✅ 方法三:使用 Retrofit(适合 RESTful API) 添加依赖: ```gradle implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.9.0' implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.9.0' ``` 定义接口: ```java public interface ApiService { @POST("your-endpoint") Call<ResponseBody> postData(@Body RequestBody body); } ``` 调用方式: ```java Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl("https://your-api-url.com/") .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create()) .build(); ApiService service = retrofit.create(ApiService.class); RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(json, MediaType.get("application/json; charset=utf-8")); Call<ResponseBody> call = service.postData(body); call.enqueue(new Callback<ResponseBody>() { @Override public void onResponse(Call<ResponseBody> call, Response<ResponseBody> response) { if (response.isSuccessful()) { try { String result = response.body().string(); Log.d("POST Response", result); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } else { Log.e("POST Error", "Response Code: " + response.code()); } } @Override public void onFailure(Call<ResponseBody> call, Throwable t) { t.printStackTrace(); } }); ``` --- ## 📌 注意事项 - **网络权限**:确保在 `AndroidManifest.xml` 中添加网络权限: ```xml <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> ``` - **主线程限制**:不要在主线程中执行网络请求,建议使用异步方式(如 `AsyncTask`, `Thread`, `Handler`, `RxJava`, `Coroutine` 等)。 - **JSON 格式**:确保你发送的数据是合法的 JSON 格式。 --- 如果你有具体要提交的数据格式(比如表单、文件、JSON 等),可以告诉我,我可以提供更具体的示例。
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